What are scars?A scar is a mark left in the skin by the healing of a wound or surgical incision in which the normal functional tissue (skin) is replaced by connective tissue (scar). Keloids are excessive accumulations of scar tissue beyond what is normally seen in most people. Keloids are more raised and thickened masses of connective tissue than scars. What cause the scar?After a large, deep wound has occurred to the skin, whether by accident or due to surgery, both skin cells and connective tissue cells (fibroblasts) begin multiplying to repair the damage. The fibroblasts form a framework upon which the skin cells can migrate and fill in the wound. It is the balance between the rate of replication of fibroblasts versus skin cells that is important here. If the skin cells do not replicate fast enough and the fibroblasts replicate too quickly, the result is a dense network of fibroblasts. This dense network of fibroblasts is not easily penetrated by the skin cells, so the skin cells have a hard time replacing the fibroblasts. What results is a dense network of fibroblasts, in other words a scar! If the skin cells replicate quickly and keep up with the fibroblasts, then little scar tissue is formed and the skin has a more normal appearance after the wound has healed. This is why scars do not occur as often in younger people as in older people because the skin cells in younger people replicate more quickly and fill in the wound with normal skin tissue versus too many fibroblasts. |
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